印尼推动出口村计划：西巴布亚乡村企业获直接出口牌照授权
作者：东南亚合规中心编辑团队
TL;DR · 核心要点
印尼村庄与落后地区发展部正式授权村级企业（BUMDes）直接开展出口业务，首期聚焦西巴布亚5个县185个村庄，并同步推进旅游村、主题村及TEKAD综合经济转型计划。关键合规信息包括：1）BUMDes须完成注册并取得地方投资协调委员会（BKPM）或地方贸易厅备案；2）出口品类需符合《2023年第29号条例》对农村产品目录的限定（如咖啡、可可、藤编、海藻等）；3）须通过印尼国家认证机构（KAN）认可的检验机构完成产品质量与原产地认证；4）所有出口交易需在印尼海关系统（INSW）完成电子申报；5）TEKAD计划下村庄享受税收减免（增值税豁免+企业所得税50%减免，有效期至2027年）。该政策为中国农产品加工、轻工制造及跨境电商企业提供本地化供应链合作新路径，但须通过持牌BUMDes作为法定出口主体，不可直接以境外公司名义报关。
✅ 合规行动清单 · Compliance Checklist
- ›立即向西巴布亚省地方投资协调委员会（BKPM Perwakilan Papua Barat）或县贸易厅完成BUMDes合作备案，获取出口主体资格确认
- ›委托KAN认可的检验机构（如LSPro、SGS Indonesia或BPSI）对拟出口咖啡、可可等农村产品开展原产地认证与质量检测，取得CoO及检验证书
- ›在印尼海关单一窗口系统（INSW）完成企业注册并开通电子报关权限，所有出口单据须通过该平台实时申报
- ›Register your export partnership with BKPM Representative Office for West Papua or the Regency Trade Office to obtain formal BUMDes export eligibility confirmation
- ›Engage a KAN-accredited inspection body (e.g., LSPro, SGS Indonesia, or BPSI) to conduct origin verification and quality testing for target rural products (e.g., coffee, cocoa) and obtain Certificate of Origin and test reports
- ›Complete enterprise registration and activate e-filing access on Indonesia’s National Single Window (INSW) platform; all export declarations must be submitted electronically via INSW
English Summary
Indonesia has authorized Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) to conduct direct exports under the 'Export Village' initiative, initially targeting 185 villages across West Papua’s five regencies under the TEKAD program. Key compliance requirements include: BUMDes registration with local BKPM or trade office; export of only pre-approved rural products (e.g., coffee, seaweed, handicrafts); mandatory KAN-accredited product and origin certification; electronic customs filing via INSW; and eligibility for VAT exemption and 50% corporate income tax reduction until 2027. This affects foreign businesses seeking market entry—especially Chinese agri-processors, light manufacturers, and cross-border e-commerce firms—who must partner with licensed BUMDes as legal exporters. Direct foreign entity export is prohibited. Due diligence on BUMDes licensing status, financial transparency, and export track record is essential before engagement.
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