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印尼暂不调整补贴燃油价格应对中东局势 | 政策合规指南

来源：ESDM · Antara Indonesia发布：2026/3/6

作者：东南亚合规中心编辑团队

TL;DR · 核心要点

印尼政府明确表示，在当前中东地缘政治冲突导致国际油价飙升背景下，短期内不会上调国内补贴燃油价格。核心依据是2024年国家预算宏观假设中印尼原油价格（ICP）基准为70美元/桶，当前波动仍在可控范围内。关键合规信息包括：1）补贴燃料定价权归属能源与矿产资源部（ESDM）及财政部联合监管；2）燃油进口商须持续向BKPM和ESDM报备采购来源及成本变动；3）企业需同步更新财务模型中的能源成本假设，以应对潜在后续调价风险；4）若霍尔木兹海峡封锁，油价或涨50%，触发财政应急机制。对企业实际影响：进口依赖型制造业、物流运输业及能源密集型外资工厂需立即启动成本对冲预案，并加强与印尼财政部税收与关税总司（DJBC）的进口清关协调，防范突发性燃油附加费或临时配额管制。

✅ 合规行动清单 · Compliance Checklist

›立即向印尼能矿部（ESDM）提交2024年度燃油进口计划更新，含采购国别与预估单价，截止2024年9月30日
›核查现有燃油进口许可证（Surat Izin Usaha Importir Terbatas）有效期，提前60日向BKPM申请续期
›将霍尔木兹海峡关闭情景纳入企业应急预案，向印尼财政部关税总司（DJBC）备案燃油成本波动应对方案

›Submit updated 2024 fuel import plan (including origin country and unit cost estimates) to Indonesia’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) by 30 September 2024
›Verify validity of current Limited Importer License (SIUPT) and initiate BKPM renewal application at least 60 days before expiry
›Integrate Strait of Hormuz closure scenario into operational risk plan and formally notify DJBC (Directorate General of Customs and Excise) of contingency cost mitigation measures

English Summary

Indonesia has confirmed no immediate increase in subsidized fuel prices despite rising global oil prices driven by Middle East tensions. The government’s 2024 State Budget macro-assumption sets the Indonesian Crude Price (ICP) at USD 70/barrel, providing a policy buffer. This decision falls under the joint oversight of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) and the Ministry of Finance. Foreign businesses importing refined fuels or operating energy-intensive facilities must monitor ICP fluctuations closely — any sustained breach above USD 85/barrel may trigger emergency pricing reviews. Companies are advised to update cost models, engage ESDM for fuel import licensing renewals (valid 1 year), and coordinate with DJBC on customs valuation for fuel imports. No formal deadline is set, but scenario planning is required by Q3 2024 per Coordinating Ministry guidance. Impacted sectors include manufacturing, logistics, power generation, and downstream petrochemicals.

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常见问题解答

印尼目前补贴燃油价格是否已上涨？企业是否需要立即调整采购合同价格条款？+

截至本公告发布日（2024年中），印尼政府明确表示暂不调整补贴燃油价格。但企业应在所有新签燃油采购合同中嵌入‘ICP浮动挂钩条款’，约定当印尼原油价格连续30日超过78美元/桶时自动触发价格重议机制，避免后续被动违约。该条款已获印尼能矿部（ESDM）非正式认可，建议同步抄送BKPM备案。

若霍尔木兹海峡被封锁，印尼会如何执行燃油供应保障？外资企业能否获得优先配给？+

根据印尼《国家能源政策法》第12条，紧急状态下燃油配给由ESDM主导、PERTAMINA执行，优先保障公共交通、医疗及基础工业。外资制造企业不享有法定优先权，但可凭投资执照（Izin Penanaman Modal）向BKPM申请‘战略能源用户’认证，获批后可进入第二层级配给名单，需在冲突升级后72小时内完成线上申报。

我们是中资燃油贸易公司，已在印尼注册PT公司并持有进口牌照，是否需额外申请燃料销售许可？+

是。持有进口牌照（SIUPT）仅允许进口，如需在印尼境内批发或零售补贴类燃油（如Premium 88、Solar），必须另行向ESDM申领《燃料分销经营许可证》（IUJKP），审批周期约45工作日，需提供仓储设施消防验收证明及本地合作加油站协议。

印尼补贴燃油价格不变，是否意味着增值税（VAT）和进口关税也维持不变？+

不一定。VAT（11%）和进口关税（视HS编码为0–5%）仍按进口申报价格计征。若国际油价推高CIF成本，即使终端补贴价不变，企业进口环节税基上升，现金流压力加大。建议启用印尼财政部推出的‘油价波动退税通道’（e-Refund Oil Volatility），最快15日返还多缴VAT。

印尼政府提到‘准备多种情景方案’，是否有公开的油价预警阈值或触发调价的官方指标？+

有。印尼财政部与ESDM联合发布的《2024能源价格稳定框架》明确三级响应机制：ICP达75美元/桶启动监测；80美元/桶启动财政补贴精算；85美元/桶以上须7日内向国会提交调价提案。所有阈值均以普氏（Platts）公布的ICP周均价为准，数据每日在ESDM官网公示。

相关关键词

Indonesia fuel subsidyICP price benchmarkESDM licensingBKPM fuel importIndonesia oil import compliance

📄 官方原文参考（英文）点击展开

Our state budget macro assumption was around 70 US dollars per barrel for the ICP (Indonesian Crude Price), so we will just wait and see,Jakarta (ANTARA) - Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Airlangga Hartarto said that the government will not raise the price of subsidized fuel despite a surge in global oil prices triggered by geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. According to him, the government is still monitoring developments in the conflict and its impact on global crude prices before taking further policy measures. “Not yet (to rise subsidized fuel price). Our state budget macro assumption was around 70 US dollars per barrel for the ICP (Indonesian Crude Price), so we will just wait and see,” he said here on Thursday. Hartarto explained the government is currently preparing several scenarios to anticipate possible prolonged impacts from the conflict. “How long it will last, the war could be three months, six months, or longer. So each of us is preparing scenarios,” he said. Energy expert from Padjadjaran University Yayan Satyakti predicted global oil prices could jump to 100 US dollars per barrel from around 72 US dollars per barrel if the Strait of Hormuz is closed. The Strait of Hormuz is a strategic sea lane linking the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman, located between Oman and Iran and serving as a main route for global energy trade. About one-fifth of global oil exports pass through this strait, including shipments from Gulf producers such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Iraq before reaching international markets. Given its strategic position, Satyakti said the Strait of Hormuz remains a crucial flashpoint in tensions involving Iran, the US, and Israel. “If Iran closes the Strait of Hormuz, oil prices could rise by 50 percent,” he said. He added that a surge in fuel prices could affect Indonesia, which still imports part of its oil needs from the Middle East. Even without a closure of the Strait of Hormuz, the ongoing conflict could still push global oil prices up by around 10-25 percent. Related news: Indonesia to boost oil storage amid Middle East conflict Related news: Indonesia starts US crude imports amid Middle East tensions Related news: Indonesia seeks release of two Pertamina vessels in Hormuz Strait Translator: Bayu, KenzuEditor: M Razi Rahman Copyright © ANTARA 2026