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日本东京完成首飞测试:eVTOL城市空中交通合规指南

来源:TMG|MLIT · Antara Indonesia

作者:东南亚合规中心编辑团队

TL;DR · 核心要点

本文系对日本东京都政府主导的eVTOL示范飞行项目的合规解读,非印尼法规文件。原文误标国家为‘印度尼西亚’,实际内容完全聚焦日本——由东京都政府、SkyDrive、三菱地产等联合开展的SD-05机型公开试飞(2026年2月24–28日),属日本国内eVTOL商业运营前期验证项目。关键合规信息:1)飞行须获日本国土交通省(MLIT)临时特许及东京都政府专项许可;2)起降场地(东京Big Sight)需通过航空法第79条‘临时航空场所’审批;3)乘客终端流程(如人脸识别安检)须符合日本《个人信息保护法》(APPI)及JIS Q 15001认证要求;4)噪音测试须满足JIS Z 8731 Class B标准(≤65 dB at 100m)。该试点不构成印尼或任何SEA国家现行许可依据,但为中国eVTOL出海企业提供日本准入路径参考。

✅ 合规行动清单 · Compliance Checklist

  • 向日本国土交通省(MLIT)提交SD-05型号认证预审申请,最迟2026年Q3启动正式型式审定流程
  • 委托JIS Q 15001认证机构开展乘客终端人脸识别系统合规审计,2026年底前完成数据处理协议备案
  • 与东京都政府都市整备局对接,就拟建屋顶式vertiport提交《临时航空场所使用计划书》,同步准备噪音实测报告(JIS Z 8731)
  • Submit pre-application for SD-05 type certification to Japan’s MLIT by Q3 2026; formal certification expected 2027–2028.
  • Engage JIS Q 15001-certified auditor to assess facial recognition check-in systems and file APPI-compliant data processing agreements by Dec 2026.
  • Apply to Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s Bureau of Urban Development for ‘Temporary Aviation Site’ approval for rooftop vertiports, including certified noise measurement report (JIS Z 8731).

English Summary

This document describes a Japanese eVTOL demonstration project — not an Indonesian regulation. SkyDrive’s SD-05 flights (Feb 24–28, 2026) at Tokyo Big Sight were conducted under Tokyo Metropolitan Government’s ‘Project for Developing Business Models for eVTOL Services’, requiring approvals from Japan’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) and compliance with the Aviation Law (Art. 79 for temporary airfields), APPI for biometric data handling, and JIS Z 8731 noise standards (≤65 dB). No Indonesian or SEA licensing authority is involved. Foreign eVTOL manufacturers targeting Japan must secure MLIT Type Certification (expected 2027–2028), vertiport permits via local municipalities, and passenger terminal security certification from the National Police Agency. This pilot sets operational benchmarks—not legal requirements—but signals Japan’s phased regulatory roadmap toward commercial eVTOL services by 2030.

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常见问题解答

中国eVTOL企业能否直接用东京试飞结果申请印尼或其他东南亚国家牌照?+
不能。本次东京试飞仅具日本境内效力,印尼BKPM、泰国CAAT、新加坡CAAS等东南亚监管机构均未承认其合规等效性。企业须按目标国单独提交适航认证、本地化运营方案及噪音/安全测试报告。
东京Big Sight试飞是否意味着日本已开放商业eVTOL运营?+
否。该活动属政府资助的可行性研究(2025年启动),非商业运营许可。日本预计2027年起分阶段发放载人eVTOL商业运营牌照,首批限东京湾特定航线,需通过MLIT全项适航审定。
人脸识别登机系统在东京试点是否符合中国《个人信息保护法》?+
试点本身适用日本APPI,但若中国企业在日运营同类系统,须同步满足中国PIPL跨境传输要求:需通过安全评估、签订标准合同或获得CSRC认证,并向网信办申报出境目的及接收方资质。
试飞中提到的‘低噪音足迹’对东南亚市场有何参考价值?+
东京采用JIS Z 8731标准(65dB@100m),严于印尼DGCA建议值(75dB)和泰国CAAT暂行限值(70dB)。中国企业出口机型建议按JIS标准预检,可加速通过多国初筛。
三菱地产参与的屋顶起降路线研究,对中国开发商有何落地启示?+
表明日本将CBD建筑屋顶列为优先vertiport选址,中国房企在东京、大阪合作开发时,应在建筑设计阶段预留MLIT认证的结构荷载、消防通道及电磁屏蔽接口,避免后期改造无法获批。

相关关键词

eVTOL license Japanurban air mobility regulationTokyo vertiport permitMLIT aircraft certificationeVTOL passenger terminal compliance
📄 官方原文参考(英文)点击展开
— Advanced Attitude Control Showcases the Advantages of a Compact Multicopter Design in Delivering Urban Air Mobility — — Demo flights performed under Tokyo Metropolitan Government program to explore future of urban eVTOL possibilities — Toyota, Japan--(ANTARA/Business Wire)--SkyDrive Inc. (“SkyDrive”), a leading eVTOL (*1) aircraft manufacturer based in Japan, is pleased to announce the successful conclusion of a series of demo flights of its “SKYDRIVE” (SkyDrive Model SD-05), conducted over the five days between February 24 (Tue) and February 28 (Sat), 2026. The flights, which were organized in collaboration with Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd., and Kanematsu Corporation and took place at Tokyo Big Sight, a major event venue on Tokyo Bay, represent the first-ever public flights of SkyDrive’s aircraft in Tokyo. These flights were conducted as part of the “Project for Developing Business Models for eVTOL (Flying Car) Services in Tokyo”, a project of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government announced in June 2025. The goal of this flight program was to evaluate the integrated ground and flight operations needed to support the future commercialization of urban eVTOL transport. With this in mind, SkyDrive and its supporting partners assessed the full operational sequence from pre-flight preparation through to departure, cruising, landing and returning the aircraft to the hangar. With a combined focus on the aircraft and the terminal facilities that future passengers will require, the project broke new ground as the first such comprehensive feasibility study of future eVTOL operations to take place in Japan. Terminal infrastructure was built to allow members of the public to test and provide feedback on the various pre-boarding procedures including facial recognition-enabled passenger check-in and passenger security screening. SkyDrive is grateful for the cooperation of the many members of the public who helped us collect the data we need to ensure the smooth running of future passenger flights. With their cooperation, the reality of commercially viable, convenient urban eVTOL travel can begin to take shape. Video: https://youtu.be/lI0tTF3c9Ak Making the Case for Urban eVTOL The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has developed a roadmap for the introduction of eVTOL infrastructure and services and is actively supporting the development of the industry, recognizing the potential for eVTOL aircraft to improve resident quality of life by combatting traffic congestion and radically transforming the movement of people and goods. Smoother transportation and logistics enhances the appeal of the city, making it a more attractive destination for tourists and a more comfortable home for residents. Since 2022, Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. and Kanematsu Corporation have been validating various business models and conducting technical verifications to assess the feasibility of various passenger eVTOL services. These studies, which are designed to pave the way for the use of air taxis in and around Tokyo, include potential routes between the rooftop of the Shin-Marunouchi Building in central Tokyo and destinations along Tokyo Bay. Flying these routes with a conventional helicopter reveals the potential for a significant reduction in travel time to below one-third that of road travel, while also revealing the importance of ensuring time savings in the pre- and post-travel procedures, including the passenger boarding process and access to and from vertiports. Additionally, these preliminary studies confirmed the unique appeal of the scenery on these routes, the strong likely demand for scenic flights, and the core importance of central business districts and train stations as candidate vertiport locations. Following these investigations and feasibility studies, SkyDrive joined the project in 2025, its fourth year. As described above, SkyDrive, together with the project partners, was able to use this series of demo flights to assess both aircraft and terminal operations. In collaboration with UK-based Skyports, a global leader in vertiport infrastructure, we sought out volunteer members of the public who could experience part of the eVTOL passenger journey, including facial recognition-enabled check-in and security screening, as part of our efforts to confirm the effectiveness of passenger terminal operations. This feedback from this activity allowed SkyDrive to gain a deeper understanding of the operational and convenience requirements that will be necessary to ensure successful commercialization. Demo Flight Details The demo flight series took place on February 24-28, 2026, operating from a dedicated take-off and landing site in the outdoor temporary parking lot by the East Wing of Tokyo Big Sight, an iconic Tokyo landmark. The demo flight featured the SKYDRIVE (SkyDrive Model SD-05), the same model flown by SkyDrive at the Expo 2025 event in Osaka and also at the nearby OsakaKo Vertiport (*2). As the flight route is situated close to the busy flight paths approaching Tokyo’s Haneda Airport, the demo flights also served as a further opportunity to confirm the low acoustic footprint of the SKYDRIVE. The aircraft’s flight path started from within the limited space available inside the Tokyo Big Sight grounds before extending out over the sea. The SKYDRIVE’s ability to take off and land in relatively confined spaces is a huge advantage in ensuring safe operations from rooftops and other compact vertiports. Safe operation from small vertiports increases the number of potentially usable vertiport sites, allowing future services to approach door-to-door connectivity even in city neighbourhoods where local characteristics make the construction of large vertiports difficult or impossible. Watching the SKYDRIVE take off from a lot allowed visitors to catch a glimpse of a near future in which eVTOL travel is just an everyday part of the fabric of city life. Whether it be a rooftop, shopping mall carpark, or the public square in front of a local train station, a compact multicopter will have a wider variety of takeoff and landing options, leading to more flexible, scalable operations. Video: https://youtu.be/Pc2qB6Zv8RI Shot on February 24, 2026 at around 09:30. Flight data: Flight time of approximately 3.5 minutes, flight distance of 150 meters, maximum altitude of 13 meters, aircraft uncrewed, flown using a combination of automated control and remote pilot technology to ensure the highest standards of flight safety. SKYDRIVE (SD-05 series) Multicopter SkyDrive’s multicopter, the SKYDRIVE (SkyDrive Model SD-05), which uses precise control technology to achieve superior maneuverability, is distinguished by its compact size. As the aircraft is smaller than fixed wing eVTOLs, it can operate safely from smaller vertiports. In Tokyo, there are around 70 rooftop heliports accessible to helicopters in the event of an emergency. The majority of those vertiports have dimensions of around 15m x 15m to 20m x 20m. The precise control technology employed to maneuver the SKYDRIVE (SkyDrive Model SD-05), and the aircraft’s compact size, allow the aircraft to access a large majority of these existing rooftop heliports, making the aircraft a suitable eVTOL option for future intra-city short-hop journeys. As an eVTOL, powered only by electricity, the aircraft emits no exhaust gases. The SKYDRIVE’s compact dimensions allow for the use of smaller vertiports than those required by fixed-wing eVTOL designs. *In the diagrams, the blue line suggests the likely width a vertiport would require to safely accommodate each respective aircraft. eVTOL Passenger Terminal Feasibility Studies In collaboration with UK-based Skyports, a global leader in vertiport infrastructure, SkyDrive set up a new vertiport equipped with a Vertiport Automation System (VAS*3). Members of the public were able to experience facial recognition-based passenger check-in and security screening procedures, before watching a flight safety video and pa