🇮🇩 Indonesia牌照

印尼与文莱深化能源转型合作：可再生能源与EOR技术合规指南

来源：ESDM · Kemenkumham Indonesia发布：2026/3/16

作者：东南亚合规中心编辑团队

TL;DR · 核心要点

本文报道印尼与文莱在东京IPEM会议期间达成能源领域战略合作意向，聚焦可再生能源开发、油气供应安全及增强型采油（EOR）技术合作。关键合规信息包括：1）印尼允许文莱以稳定供应为目标向其出口原油（当前产能10–11万桶/日）；2）双方正探讨NRE项目联合开发框架，涉及印尼《第11/2020号投资法》及《第23/2014号地方政府法》下的许可要求；3）EOR技术转移需符合印尼《第5/1999号反垄断法》及BKPM外资技术引进备案规定。对企业实际影响：中资能源企业可借道印尼—文莱合作窗口，申请BKPM绿色能源投资许可，参与跨境EOR技术服务投标，并提前对接ESDM与Pertamina开展技术合规预审。

✅ 合规行动清单 · Compliance Checklist

›向印尼能矿部（ESDM）提交可再生能源联合开发意向函，同步抄送BKPM备案（无强制截止日，建议IPEM会后60日内完成）
›如拟向印尼出口原油，须由文莱出口商委托印尼进口商向BPPT申请能源产品进口许可，并提供产量证明文件
›计划在印尼开展EOR技术服务的企业，须在技术协议签署后30日内向BKPM提交《技术引进通知表》（Formulir Pemberitahuan Teknologi）

›Submit a Letter of Intent for joint NRE development to Indonesia’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), with concurrent notification to BKPM (recommended within 60 days post-IPEM 2024)
›Bruneian crude exporters must partner with an Indonesian importer to apply for energy product import permits via BPPT, submitting official production capacity certification (100–110 kbd)
›Foreign EOR technology providers must file BKPM’s Technology Agreement Notification Form within 30 days of contract execution per Perka BKPM No. 7/2021

English Summary

This report outlines Indonesia’s strategic energy cooperation with Brunei Darussalam, announced during the IPEM 2024 forum in Tokyo. Key compliance implications include: (1) Indonesia is open to importing crude oil from Brunei (100–110 kbd capacity), subject to BPPT/BKPM import licensing and Pertamina’s supply agreements; (2) Joint NRE projects require BKPM registration, ESDM renewable energy permits (Permen ESDM No. 10/2023), and provincial-level land-use approvals; (3) EOR technology transfer must comply with Indonesia’s Competition Law (No. 5/1999) and BKPM’s Technology Agreement Notification requirements (Perka BKPM No. 7/2021). Foreign energy firms—especially Chinese and ASEAN-based—must engage ESDM and BKPM early for project structuring, submit technical cooperation notifications within 30 days of agreement signing, and align with national energy diversification targets under RPJMN 2025–2029.

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常见问题解答

中国能源企业能否直接参与印尼—文莱联合能源项目？+

可以，但须通过印尼本地实体或合资企业实施。根据印尼《第11/2020号投资法》，外资在可再生能源发电领域持股比例最高100%，但项目落地需取得ESDM发电许可证、环境许可（AMDAL）及地方土地使用批准。建议优先与Pertamina或PLN建立战略伙伴关系以加速审批。

文莱原油出口到印尼是否需要缴纳额外关税或特别许可？+

目前印尼对东盟成员国原油进口适用零关税（ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement），但必须通过BPPT（印尼技术评估署）获取能源产品进口许可，并由进口商向海关申报。无需额外关税，但需确保原油符合SNI 7189:2019燃料标准。

EOR技术转让在印尼是否受限于外资持股比例或本地化要求？+

EOR技术服务本身不受外资股比限制，但技术引进须遵守BKPM第7/2021号规章：须提交技术来源证明、本地技术人员培训计划，并在合同中明确技术使用地域范围。未备案可能影响后续税务抵扣及增值税退税资格。

印尼是否允许外国企业独立开发光伏或地热项目并与文莱共享电力？+

不允许跨境直供。印尼《第23/2014号地方政府法》规定电力出口须经总统令特批，目前仅限与新加坡试点（Laoag–Batam互联）。中企可参与印尼国内NRE项目，再通过文莱作为区域枢纽拓展东南亚市场，但电力跨境销售暂不可行。

参与该合作的中国企业是否需在印尼单独注册公司？+

是。依据BKPM规定，所有实质性经营（含EOR服务、电站建设、设备供应）均须设立PT PMA（外商投资公司），最低实缴资本100亿印尼卢比（约47万美元），且须聘任至少1名印尼籍董事。代表处仅可从事市场调研，不得签约或收款。

相关关键词

Indonesia energy licenseBrunei oil import IndonesiaEOR technology Indonesiarenewable energy permit IndonesiaBKPM investment approval

📄 官方原文参考（英文）点击展开

Jakarta (ANTARA) - The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) informed that Brunei Darussalam has shown interest in Indonesia's energy transformation efforts. "This is a golden opportunity for regional collaboration. Brunei sees that Indonesia has made significant progress in developing power generation from various energy sources, where Brunei currently utilizes 99 percent gas for its power generation and wants to reduce its share of gas use," ESDM Minister Bahlil Lahadalia said in a statement on Sunday. According to him, Brunei is planning to expand its national power generation capacity five times its current level, aiming to add 4 GW to the existing 1 GW capacity. Amidst an increasingly dynamic global energy agenda, Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam are taking advantage of the international meeting in Tokyo to strengthen strategic cooperation in the energy sector. On the sidelines of the Indo-Pacific Energy Security Ministerial and Business Forum (IPEM) in Tokyo, Japan, Minister Lahadalia held a strategic bilateral meeting with Brunei Darussalam’s Deputy Minister (Energy), Dato Seri Paduka Awang Haji Mohamad Azmi Bin Haji Mohd Hanifah on Sunday. The two sides discussed concrete steps to strengthen cooperation, ranging from enhancing oil supply security to exploring opportunities for collaboration in developing new and renewable energy (NRE). This meeting marked a new chapter, as Brunei, long known as one of Southeast Asia's leading oil and gas producers, began to seriously consider Indonesia's energy transformation efforts. The Brunei delegation expressed interest in gaining Indonesia's perspective from developing diversified energy generation, particularly from renewable energy sources. Furthermore, the discussion went beyond power generation, as Lahadalia said the meeting also provided momentum for Indonesia to strengthen national energy security through diversification of oil supplies. With Brunei's oil production capacity reaching around 100,000 to 110,000 barrels per day, Indonesia is open to exploring oil imports from the country as an option to maintain a stable domestic energy supply. He added that Brunei is also interested in the technology implemented by the state-owned oil company, PT Pertamina, in utilizing Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technology to increase oil production in aging oil wells. Meanwhile, Dato Seri Paduka Awang Haji Mohamad Azmi expressed his country's interest in EOR technology, as Brunei has already used water flooding technology and is ready to utilize chemical flooding, similar to EOR, to increase its oil production. "We are interested in Indonesia because they have used the EOR technology. We already use water flooding, and we believe we can learn from Indonesia in operating EOR," he noted. Related news: Indonesia to tighten exports of coal, palm oil: Prabowo Related news: Crises accelerate Indonesia's energy self-sufficiency drive: Prabowo Related news: Securing Indonesia’s energy supply amid US-Iran conflictTranslator: Suharsana Aji C, Resinta SulistiyandariEditor: Azis Kurmala Copyright © ANTARA 2026