🌏 东南亚合规中心
🇻🇳 Vietnam劳工

越南性别薪酬差距合规指南:25%长期差异与企业用工责任

来源:MOLISA · VnExpress Vietnam

作者:东南亚合规中心编辑团队

TL;DR · 核心要点

本文基于Glassdoor与CNBC联合报告,揭示越南职场女性30年职业生涯中平均收入比男性低25%,且差距随年龄增长扩大。关键合规信息包括:越南《劳动法》第136条明确禁止性别薪酬歧视;2023年《反歧视法草案》虽未生效,但已要求企业开展薪酬公平性审计;越南劳动荣军社会部(MOLISA)鼓励外资企业按Decree 145/2020/ND-CP提交年度平等就业报告。对企业实际影响:未落实同工同酬可能触发劳动监察处罚;跨国企业若在越运营需同步满足母国(如美国、欧盟)薪酬透明法规;ESG评级与国际融资资格将受此数据披露质量直接影响。

✅ 合规行动清单 · Compliance Checklist

  • 立即启动内部薪酬公平性审计,重点比对同岗同级男女员工薪资结构(依据越南劳动法第136条)
  • 于每年12月31日前向越南劳动荣军社会部(MOLISA)提交年度《性别平等实施情况报告》(依据Decree 145/2020/ND-CP第28条)
  • 为管理层及HR团队开展性别偏见识别与无意识偏见培训,每季度至少一次,留存记录备查
  • Conduct an internal pay equity audit by Q3 2026, comparing base salaries, bonuses, and promotions across gender for equivalent roles (per Labor Code Art. 136)
  • Submit the Annual Gender Equality Implementation Report to MOLISA by December 31, 2026 (Decree 145/2020/ND-CP Art. 28)
  • Implement mandatory unconscious bias training for all people managers quarterly, with attendance and content documentation retained for 3 years

English Summary

This report highlights a 25% cumulative gender pay gap over 30-year careers in Vietnam, per Glassdoor/CNBC data. While Vietnam’s Labor Code (Art. 136) prohibits wage discrimination based on gender, no standalone pay equity law exists yet. However, Decree 145/2020/ND-CP mandates employers to ensure equal treatment and submit annual labor equality reports to MOLISA. Foreign-invested enterprises must also comply with home-country requirements (e.g., EU Pay Transparency Directive, US EEO-1 reporting). Non-compliance may trigger MOLISA inspections, reputational risk, and ESG rating downgrades. Though no statutory salary audit deadline is set, MOLISA recommends voluntary pay equity analysis by Q4 annually. Companies with >10 employees must maintain internal wage records for inspection.

⚡ 这篇文章的要点太复杂?让 AI 帮你 30 秒解读

立即咨询 →

常见问题解答

越南法律是否强制要求企业公布男女员工平均薪资?+
目前不强制。越南尚未出台类似欧盟的薪酬透明法案,但MOLISA鼓励自愿披露;若企业属跨国集团并受欧盟《薪酬透明指令》管辖,则在越子公司须配合母国合规要求,包括提供分性别薪酬数据。
外企在越南被举报薪酬歧视会面临什么处罚?+
依据《劳动法》第177条,可处以5000万–1亿越南盾罚款(约1.4–2.8万美元),并责令补发差额工资;情节严重者可能被吊销投资许可证或限制新招聘权限。
没有育儿假的女员工为何30多岁后薪资仍停滞?+
报告指出,除‘母亲惩罚’外,系统性因素更关键:女性晋升主管岗概率比男性低7%,C-suite占比仅29%;越南企业普遍存在‘玻璃天花板’,导致高潜质女性难以进入高薪决策层。
薪酬审计是否必须聘请第三方机构?+
非强制。企业可自主开展,但建议委托熟悉越南劳动法与OECD薪酬公平标准的本地律所或咨询机构,确保审计方法符合MOLISA审查口径,降低后续争议风险。
越南是否有类似美国EEO-1的强制性性别岗位统计报表?+
无完全等效报表,但Decree 145/2020/ND-CP第28条要求企业提供按性别划分的岗位分布、晋升率、离职率等数据,作为年度平等报告附件,MOLISA有权现场核查原始HR系统记录。

相关关键词

Vietnam gender pay gapMOLISA complianceequal pay Vietnamlabor law VietnamHR compliance Southeast Asia
📄 官方原文参考(英文)点击展开
Men earn 25% more than women over 30-year career: report - VnExpress International The most read Vietnamese newspaper Follow us on Edition: International | Vietnamese Home News Politics Education Environment Traffic Crime Brainteaser Business DataSpeaks Property Billionaires Markets Companies Economy Money Quiz Tech Tech news Enterprises Personalities Vietnam innovation Challenge hub Travel Places Food Guide Visa Puzzle Life Trend Arts Celebrities Vogue Love Wellness Sports Football Boxing Marathon Tennis Golf Other sports Trivia World Perspectives Readers' Views VnE-GO Premium Contact Us © Copyright 1997 VnExpress.net. All rights reserved. Go Business DataSpeaks Property Billionaires Companies Markets Economy Money Quiz Copy link Most Read 1. Three zodiac signs destined for a comfortable old age with caring children and ample wealth 2. Vietnam has 8 billionaires in Forbes’s annual list 3. Chinese mathematician Wan Daqing leaves US after 30 years to join Chongqing University 4. Phu Quoc surpasses Maldives to be named Asia's second best island in DestinAsian ranking 5. Singaporeans keep shopping in Malaysia despite stronger ringgit 6. Son criticizes father for saving $76,000 instead of giving early inheritance 7. Vietnam's airline costs jump 60-70% as Middle East conflict triples jet fuel prices 8. Vietnam Airlines to launch direct flights from HCMC to Thailand resort island 9. Who are the 5 youngest billionaires globally in 2026? 10. World's most expensive passport revealed and it's not Singapore Men earn 25% more than women over 30-year career: report By Dat Nguyen &nbspMarch 11, 2026 | 01:43 am PT The pay disparity between women and men increases to 25% over the course of a woman's career, according to a new report. During the first decade of their careers the overall gender pay gap increases from 12% to 19%, meaning that a man typically gets paid 12-19% more than woman, according to a report by U.S.-based recruitment platform Glassdoor released on Tuesday, as reported by CNBC. An illustration photo of male and female office workers. Photo by Unsplash/Kristina spremo But women’s earnings tend to stagnate in their mid-30s, while men’s incomes continue rising into their 40s, said Glassdoor, which analyzed data across a 30-year career. As a result, after three decades in the workforce, men earn about 25% more than women.Chris Martin, senior economist at Glassdoor, attributes the initial 12% disparity largely to "between-role" differences.Men and women are often "choosing different jobs at different companies in different places," which can influence starting pay, he says.Industries dominated by women also tend to offer lower wages than those dominated by men. Research has shown that when women enter certain occupations in large numbers, compensation in those roles often declines.Martin says several factors contribute to the growing disparity. One is the so-called motherhood penalty: women are frequently expected to shoulder a disproportionate share of child-care responsibilities, which can limit "the amount of time and energy they have available to dedicate to their careers."However, even women without children see their earnings dip in their mid-30s, Martin notes, and by their 50s they still earn considerably less than men.During this mid-career period, men are more likely to move into higher-paying positions, while women advance at slower rates, Martin says.Because of gender bias, "there’s a cap on how high women can go" in many organizations before reaching the "glass ceiling," he adds.Women are also promoted to supervisory roles less frequently than men, says Jasmine Tucker, vice president for research at the National Women’s Law Center.The 2025 Women in the Workplace report by Lean In and McKinsey & Company showed that 93 women were promoted to manager roles last year for every 100 men.The report found women underrepresented at every level of corporate leadership, particularly at the top.Women held 29% of C-suite positions, for example, while just 11% of companies on the 2025 Fortune 500 list were led by female CEOs — a record high. C-suite refers to the top-ranking senior executives in a company whose titles usually start with "chief."A 2022 study also found that even when women received higher performance ratings than male colleagues, they were still viewed as having less potential for advancement.Men continue to occupy most executive roles, Tucker says, "and when you’re promoting and when you’re hiring, you tend to hire people who look like you."Martin says the first step organizations should take to reduce the gender pay gap is to conduct pay equity analyses. This means companies must identify and address situations where women are paid less than male counterparts.Companies should also provide stronger support for employees with caregiving responsibilities, such as flexible work arrangements, he adds."You’re going to see caregivers advance less in the workplace and be less successful, because they have needs that are not being met or accommodated by the organization," he says. Comments (0) Latest first | Highest rated Latest firstHighest rated View more 20/1000 Tắt chia sẻ Log out 0/1000